Variables | Intervention (n = 99) | P1 | Placebo (n = 95) | P1 | P2 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Before | After | Before | After | ||||
Weight, kg | 86.26 ± 10 | 79.65 ± 10.98 |  < 0.001 | 87.38 ± 10.75 | 81.48 ± 12.40 |  < 0.001 | 0.156 |
WC, cm | 113.01 ± 12.55 | 106.30 ± 9.33 |  < 0.001 | 113.57 ± 7.89 | 108.18 ± 9.88 |  < 0.001 | 0.366 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 34.78 ± 3.39 | 32.13 ± 4.46 |  < 0.001 | 35.18 ± 5.16 | 32.86 ± 5.95 |  < 0.001 | 0.015 |
Body fat, % | 46.12 ± 2.72 | 44.48 ± 2.53 |  < 0.001 | 47.13 ± 3.11 | 44.76 ± 3.06 |  < 0.001 | 0.036 |
FBS, mg/dl | 106.2 ± 11.88 | 99.28 ± 15.78 |  < 0.001 | 104.88 ± 10.87 | 100.68 ± 9.97 |  < 0.001 | 0.012 |
HbA1C, % | 6.78 ± 2.26 | 5.59 ± 1.99 |  < 0.001 | 6.97 ± 2.12 | 6.67 ± 1.92 | 0.202 | 0.821 |
Insulin, pmol/L | 27.12 ± 3.92 | 23.49 ± 4.35 |  < 0.001 | 26.02 ± 5.14 | 26.56 ± 5.93 | 0.647 | 0.001 |
HOMA-IR | 7.09 ± 1.28 | 5.72 ± 1.32 |  < 0.001 | 6.72 ± 1.41 | 6.63 ± 1.63 | 0.315 | 0.025 |
Leptin, ng/ml | 28.62 ± 9.35 | 20.46 ± 6.74 |  < 0.001 | 30.71 ± 8.45 | 29.22 ± 7.67 | 0.262 | 0.143 |
Gerlin, pmol/l | 0.42 ± 0.03 | 0.42 ± 0.03 | 0.769 | 0.39 ± 0.04 | 0.41 ± 0.03 | 0.013 | 0.07 |
TSH, μIU/mL | 2.86 ± 0.21 | 2.88 ± 0.27 | 0.469 | 2.89 ± 0.25 | 2.89 ± 0.34 | 0.787 | 0.724 |
Androstenedione, ng/ml | 2.09 ± 1.81 | 1.68 ± 0.25 |  < 0.001 | 1.97 ± 0.32 | 1.85 ± 0.24 | 0.013 |  < 0.001 |
DHEA, ng/dL | 321.27 ± 62.38 | 282.97 ± 64.54 |  < 0.001 | 363.39 ± 76.01 | 383.06 ± 48.71 | 0.109 | 0.033 |
Prolactin, ng/ml | 8.44 ± 4.22 | 8.54 ± 3.87 | 0.884 | 7.78 ± 4.09 | 7.98 ± 3.65 | 0.747 | 0.594 |
Testosterone, ng/ml | 1.24 ± 0.21 | 1.19 ± 0.3 | 0.188 | 1.35 ± 0.21 | 1.35 ± 0.25 | 0.968 | 0.016 |
LH, IU/L | 6.31 ± 1.41 | 3.36 ± 1.41 |  < 0.001 | 5.94 ± 2.28 | 5.95 ± 1.84 | 0.774 |  < 0.001 |
FSH, IU/L | 1.82 ± 0.74 | 2.77 ± 1.42 |  < 0.001 | 1.32 ± 0.84 | 1.43 ± 0.95 | 0.768 |  < 0.001 |
SHBG, nm/l | 27.77 ± 10.63 | 29.42 ± 10.51 | 0.261 | 33.12 ± 10.17 | 34.79 ± 10.59 | 0.251 | 0.829 |
25 (OH) D3, ng/mL | 20.03 ± 11.23 | 20.52 ± 10.08 | 0.587 | 18.7 ± 11.26 | 22.15 ± 12.79 | 0.06 | 0.68 |