Table 3 Indices of cardiometabolic health over time by intervention group

Weight (kg)

89.6 ± 17.7

93.6 ± 15.3

90.3 ± 18.1

93.8 ± 15.4

90.1 ± 18.1

93.8 ± 15.4

0.44

0.007

0.39

BMI (kg/m²)

30.8 ± 6.2

31.8 ± 3.8

31.0 ± 6.3

31.9 ± 3.9

30.9 ± 6.3

31.9 ± 3.8

0.36

0.02

0.47

Waist circ (cm)

101.7 ± 13.3

106.6 ± 10.4

102.0 ± 14.5

106.5 ± 10.9

101.5 ± 14.4

107.0 ± 11.1

0.17

0.95

0.26

SBP (mmHg)

115 ± 9

114 ± 10

115 ± 8

113 ± 13

114 ± 8

114 ± 13

0.74

0.87

0.69

DBP (mmHg)

72 ± 7

72 ± 10

73 ± 7

70 ± 9

73 ± 7

73 ± 9

0.59

0.55

0.33

Total-C (mmol/L)

4.55 ± 1.03

4.24 ± 0.88

4.65 ± 1.02

4.39 ± 0.92

4.57 ± 0.97

4.32 ± 0.82

0.30

0.22

0.91

TG (mmol/L)

1.63 ± 0.96

1.22 ± 0.41

1.85 ± 0.96

1.30 ± 0.65

1.74 ± 0.77

1.35 ± 0.42

0.02

0.10

0.45

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.16 ± 0.29

1.21 ± 0.28

1.16 ± 0.32

1.27 ± 0.30

1.15 ± 0.33

1.20 ± 0.24

0.18

0.08

0.19

LDL-C (mmol/L)

2.64 ± 0.81

2.48 ± 0.80

2.63 ± 0.70

2.52 ± 0.81

2.63 ± 0.80

2.51 ± 0.69

0.54

0.93

0.89

Fasting glucose (mmol/L)^a

5.02 ± 0.43

4.83 ± 0.43

5.16 ± 0.43

4.95 ± 0.50

5.03 ± 0.31

4.94 ± 0.48

0.13

0.04

0.40

Fasting insulin (pmol/L)^b

80.9 ± 33.4

82.4 ± 36.5

87.5 ± 66.7

81.0 ± 44.6

96.7 ± 47.8

95.9 ± 44.5

0.73

0.02

0.92

HbA1C (%)^c

0.051 ± 0.003

0.051 ± 0.003

0.052 ± 0.003

0.050 ± 0.002

0.052 ± 0.003

0.051 ± 0.003

0.17

0.14

0.67