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Table 2 Participant body composition

From: Prebiotic/probiotic supplementation resulted in reduced visceral fat and mRNA expression associated with adipose tissue inflammation, systemic inflammation, and chronic disease risk

Condition

Variable

Baseline (0 day)

30 days

60 days

90 days

Placebo (N = 7)

Mass (kg)

82.3 ± 7.8

81.8 ± 7.7

82.0 ± 7.5

82.2 ± 7.3

Fat mass (kg)

33.1 ± 3.9

32.6 ± 3.7

33.0 ± 4.0

33.2 ± 4.0

VAT (kg)

1.1 ± 0.4

1.1 ± 0.4

1.2 ± 0.4

1.1 ± 0.4

VAT (∆)

 

−0.02

0.07

0.02

Body fat %

41.3 ± 1.8

41.0 ± 2.0

41.2 ± 2.1

41.4 ± 2.1

Supplement (N = 8)

Mass (kg)

93.1 ± 8.3

92.6 ± 7.3

92.8 ± 7.7

92.8 ± 7.7

Fat mass (kg)

35.4 ± 4.0

34.6 ± 3.5

35.2 ± 3.8

35.4 ± 3.8

VAT (kg)

1.2 ± 0.4

1.0 ± 0.2

0.8 ± 0.1

0.8 ± 0.2

VAT (∆)

 

−0.08

−0.23*†

−0.26*

Body fat %

39.3 ± 2.6

38.9 ± 2.7

39.1 ± 2.5

39.3 ± 2.7

  1. Values represent the mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM). Body composition variables were compared between combined supplementation with prebiotics (PreticX® Xylooligosaccharide; 0.8 g/day; ADIP; City of Industry, CA, USA) and probiotic (MegaDuo® Bacillus subtilis HU58 and Bacillus coagulans SC-208; 3 billion CFU/day; NuScience Trading LLC; Phoenix, AZ, USA) and placebo (rice four) in free living overweight individuals at baseline (0 day), 30 days, 60 days, and 90 days of supplementation. †Represents significantly greater reduction in VAT than placebo at 60 days (p < 0.05). *Represents significant reduction from 30 days (p < 0.05)